![]() ![]() The theory is not limited to oral communication, and also include nonverbal communications such as clothing, hairstyle, and other items. Cultural contracts focuses specifically on the exchanges between traditionally marginalized groups and majority groups in power in American society from the standpoint of the minority member. Both theories are rooted in the exchanges between strangers as described in Berger and Calabrese's (1975) uncertainty reduction theory. The theory is inspired by Ting-Toomey's (1986) identity validation model (IDM) that emerged from a study of European American and African American communication experiences. He was fascinated by the general outline of a contract and was interested in identity as a communication researcher, so the process struck a chord with him and made him think about how cultural diversity functions in our society. Jackson came up with the original idea while negotiating a deal for a new house. ![]() Jackson, an identity scholar and a professor in media and cinema studies at the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign.Ĭultural contracts first appeared in Communication Quarterly in 1999. Ĭultural contracts theory was developed in 1999 by Dr. The three fundamental premises of the cultural contracts theory are that identities are contractual, continually transferred, and requirement for validation. Relationally coordinating with others is the main objective of a cultural contract. It extends identity negotiation theory and uncertainty reduction theory by focusing defining the negotiation experience from the perspective of minority groups when dealing with cultural norms set by the majority groups. Cultural contract theory investigates how identities shift and are negotiated through cross-cultural interaction. They are the agreements made between two groups of people regarding how they will modify their identities in unison. Cultural contracts refer to the degree that cultural values are exchanged between groups.
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